Tian Han’s Former Residences

Located at 9 Xiguan Hutong (Fine Tube Lane), Dongsi Beidajie in Dongcheng District, this was where Tian Han lived in Beijing since 1953.

Tian Han’s Former Residences

Tian Han (1898-1968), originally called Tian Shouchang, was from Changsha in Hunan Province. An outstanding dramatist, poet, active artist and member of the Chinese Communist Party, he was also an organizer and leader of music movement as well as a forerunner of re- form in traditional operas. He wrote the lyrics to the national anthem of the People’s Republic of China. After 1949, he was appointed director of the Art Bureau of the Ministry of Culture, vice- chairman of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and chairman of the China Drama- tistsAssociation.

Ouyang Yuqian’s Former Residences

Located at 5 Zhangzizhong Lu in Dongcheng District, this was Ouyang Yuqian’s home since 1949.

Ouyang Yuqian’s Former Residences

Ouyang Yuqian (1889-1962), originally called Ouyang Liyuan, was a native of Liuyang in Hunan Province. He was a renowned performer, playwright, theater educator and one of the founders of Chinese modern drama. After 1949, he was appointed president of the Central Drama College.

Qi Baishi’s Former Residences

This is located at 13 Kuache Hutong inside Picai Hutong in Xicheng District. Qi Baishi began to live here since 1913 when he was 50 till his death.

Qi Baishi’s Former Residences

Qi Baishi (1864-1957) was a native of Xiangtan in Hunan Province. Originally called Qi Chunzhi, he changed the name to Qi Huang, and was also known as Binsheng. A famous artist of traditional Chinese painting, he was vice-chairman of Chi- nese Artists’Association and honorary director of the Studio of Traditional Chinese Paintings. In 1956, the World Peace Council awarded him its International Peace Award. In 1963, he was in- cluded on a list of“World Cultural Celebrities.” This is a residence where houses were built on three sides and with side courtyards. The three rooms in the north were his Baishi Studio, called Big Railing House because there are railings in front of the rooms.

Mei Lanfang’s Former Residences

Located at 9 Huguosi Jie in Xicheng District, this was Mei Lanfang’s home from 1950 to 1961.

Mei Lanfang’s Former Residences

Mei Lanfang (1894-1961) was from Taizhou in Jiangsu Province. He was a renowned Peking Opera performer. Regarded as the best of the four great Peking Opera perform- ers of the female dan role, he had a style of his own and gave birth to the Mei school. He was Director of Chinese Traditional Opera Academy.

Xun Huisheng’s Former Residences

Located at 13A Shanxi Jie outside Xuanwumen in Xuanwu District, this is where Xun Huisheng lived inBeijing.

Xun Huisheng’s Former Residences

Xun Huisheng (1900-68), originally named Xun Ci, was regarded as one of the four great Peking Opera performers of the female dan role. He was deputy director of the Art Committee of China Dra- matists Association and director of Beijing Tradi- tional Opera Research Institute.

Cheng Yanqiu’s Former Residences

This is located at 39 Xisi Beidajie Santiao in Xicheng District. Cheng Jianqiu lived here since 1937.

Cheng Yanqiu’s Former Residences

Cheng Yanqiu (1904-58), a native of Beijing, was of the Manchu ethnic group. As a famous Peking Opera actor, he was re- garded as one of the four great Peking Opera performers of the female dan role (the three others being Mei Lanfang, Xun Huisheng and Shang Xiaoyun). He shaped his own style and gave birth to the Cheng school. After 1949, he was vice-presi- dent of Chinese Traditional Opera Academy and standing member of the China Dramatists Association.

Lao She’s Former Residences

Located at 19 Fengfu Hutong in Dongcheng District, this was Lao She’s home where he lived from 1950 to 1966.

Lao She (1899-1966), originally called Shu Qingchun, was born in Beijing. He was a well-known writer and playwright. Graduated from Beijing Normal School in 1918, he was a lecturer at the School of Oriental Studies, Univer- sity of London and professor at the Qilu University in Jinan and National Shandong University in Qingdao of Shandong Province.

Lao She’s Former Residences

In 1946, he went to the United States as a guest professor. After returning to China in 1949, he served as vice-chairman of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, vice- chairman of the Chinese Writers’Association, and chairman of Beijing Fed- eration of Literary and Art Circles.

Ye Shengtao’s Former Residences

Located at 71 Dongsi Batiao in Dongcheng District, this house was origi- nally owned by an official surnamed Wang in the Qing Dynasty who was in charge of hanging screens. It became Ye Shengtao’s home in Beijing after 1949.

Ye Shengtao’s Former Residences

Ye Shengtao (1894-1988) was a famous educationist in contemporary China. After 1949, he was appointed vice minister of education and vice director of the Press and Publication Administration.

Sha Qianli’s Former Residences

This is located at 55 Dongsi Liutiao in Dongcheng District.

Sha Qianli’s Former Residences

Sha Qianli (1901-82) was a famous democratic patriot in modern Chinese history. He was appointed the minister of grain after 1949.

Du Yuming’s Former Residences

Located at 25 Meishuguan Dongjie in Dongcheng district,the house originally belongedto the niece of Dowager Cixi in the late Qing Dynasty. It was sold to a German businessman early.

Du Yuming’s Former Residences

Li Yuanhong’s Former Residences

Located at 27 Wangfujing Dajie in Dongcheng district, the residence had its original gate open to the Dongchang Hutong, as it used to be called Dongchang, or the Eastern Depot [imperial se- cret service headquarters] in the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, Ruilin, viceroy of Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, and Ronglu, viceroy of Zhili Province used to live here. In the early years of the Republic of China, the house became Li Yuanhong’s home.

Li Yuanhong’s Former Residences

Li Yuanhong（1864-1928）was from Huangpo of Hubei Province. After the death of Yuan Shikai in June 1916, vice-president Li Yuanhong assumed the office of the president, but was driven out of Beijing when Zhang Xun restored the dethroned monarch. In 1922, Li Yuanhong was sworn in again as the president. The house was bought by the Japanese Oriental Culture Society in 1926.

Feng Guozhang's Former Residence （Keyuan Garden）

Located at 11 Mao'er Hutong in Dongcheng District, it was built as the residence of Wen Yu, secretary of the Grand Council at the end of the Qing Dynasty.Later it became the home of Feng Guozhang,president of the Republic of China. About 100 meters long and 30 meters wide, cov- ering an area of less than 3,000 square meters, this is a small garden with two courtyards and corridors connecting the eastern and western parts. It is one of the well-preserved private gar- dens built at the end of the Qing Dynasty.

Feng Guozhang's Former Residence （Keyuan Garden）

Wen Yu (?-1885) served as governor of Shandong Province, viceroy of Zhili Province, general of Fujian Province, viceroy of Zhejiang and Fujian areas, sleft army-supervising censor, minister of justice, assistant grand secretary in the Grand Secretariat, minister of the imperial household department, grand academician of the Hall of Mili- tary Prowess, etc. He was a noted senior official at the end of the Qing Dynasty.

Feng Guozhang(1859-1919)was elected by the Congress as the vice-president of the Republic of China in 1916.He served as acting president of the Republic in 1917.

Chiang Kai-shek’s Former Residences

Located at 7 Yuan’ensi Houjie in Dongcheng district, this was originally the former resi- dence of Zaihuo, Defender General of the State of the late Qing Dynasty.

Chiang Kai-shek’s Former Residences

After the end of the Would War II in 1945, this house of Chinese and Western architectural styles be- came Chiang Kai-shek’s home in Beijing.

Guo Moruo’s Former Residences

It is locatedat 18 Qian hai Xi jie in Xi cheng District. Guo Moruo lived here since 1963 until his death. Guo Moruo (1892-1978), born in Leshan, Sichuan Province, was an outstanding writer, historian and social campaigner. He held the positions of vice- chairman of the National People’s Congress, vice-chairman of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and chairman of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles.

Guo Moruo’s Former Residences

Originally the stable of Prince Gong’s Residence, it became the Darentang Drug Store in the first half of the 20th century. After 1949, it was used by the Mongolian Embassy, and later as the home of Soong Ch’ing-ling. Guo Moruo moved into the house in 1963 and lived here until his death. There is a big ginkgo tree which Guo Moruo moved him- self from the Dajue (Great Enlightenment) Temple to his previous home, from where it was moved here in 1963.

Soong Ch’ing-linging’s Former Residences

Located at 46 Houhai Beiyan in Xicheng District, this was originally the garden of last regent Zaifeng, Price Chun’s Palace. Soong Ch’ing-ling (Song Qingling) lived here from 1963 until her death in 1981.

Soong Ch’ing-linging’s Former Residences

The main architecture is a two-storey house built in the 1960s that combines Chinese and Western architectural styles. There are over 10 boxes of things left behind by Sun Yat-sen, which are very valuable. A pistol displayed in the house was the wedding gift to Soong Ch’ing-ling from Sun Yat-sen who once said,“Of the 20 bullets, 19 are for the enemy, one for yourself.”

Soong Ch’ing-ling (1893-1981), a native of Wenchang County in Hainan Province, was one of the major leaders of the People’s Republic of China. She graduated from Wesleyan College in the United States in 1913. In 1915, she married Sun Yat-sen in Japan. She was vice-chairperson of the Cen- tral People’s Government, vice-chairperson of the People’ s Republic of China, and vice-chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress. She was given the position of honorary chairperson of the People’s Republic of China in 1981.

Shuangqing Villa

It is located in the Fragrant Hill Park where there used to be a Songwu Yunzhuang (Pine Castle and Cloud Manor) built in 1745 in the 10th year of Emperor Qianlong’s reign in the Qing Dynasty. As there were two clear sweet springs running in the courtyard, the emperor inscribed the two characters“Double Purity” there, which were carved into a cliff face. In 1860 and 1900, it was burnt down twice by the allied British and French forces and by the Eight-Power Allied Forces.

Shuangqing Villa

A well-known educationist Xiong Xiling of the Republi- can of China period built his private villa here in 1917, naming it Double Purity Villa. When the Central Com- mittee of the Chinese Communist Party moved from Xibaipo in Hebei Province to Beijing in March 1949, the Fragrant Hill was its temporary site of office, and Mao Zedong lived and worked in the Double Purity Villa.

Yang Changji’s Former Residences

Located at 15 Doufuchi Hutong behind the Drum Tower in Dongcheng district, this was where Yang Changji lived in Beijing since 1918.

Yang Changji’s Former Residences

Yang Changji（1871-1920）, a native of Hunan Province, was the father Yang Kaihui [first wife of late chairman Mao Zedong] and also Mao Zedong’s teacher. Originally an ethic teacher at the First Hunan Provin- cial Normal School, he was invited to teach as a professor at Peking University in 1918. When Mao Zedong came to Beijing to organize mem- bers of the New People’s Society to go to France on a work-study program, he stayed at Yang Changji’s home together with his comrade Cai Hesen.

Li Dazhao’s Former Residences

Located at 24 Wenhua Hutong in Xicheng District, this was the Beijing residence of Li Dazhao from 1920 to 1922.

Li Dazhao’s Former Residences

Li Dazhao (1889-1927) was a native of Leting County in Hebei Province. He was one of the founders of Chese Communist Party. Since 1918, he taught as a professor and also worked as the curator of the library at Peking University. While living here, he established the secret Society of Marxism together with Deng Zhongxia and Chen Duxiu and not long after this, the Beijing Commu- nist Group. In 1927 he was killed by a warlord in Beijing.

Sun Yat-sen’s Last Residences

Located at 23 Zhangzizhong Lu in Dongcheng District, this was where Sun Yat-sen’s died of illness in March 1925.

Sun Yat-sen’s Last Residences

Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925) was originally called Sun Wen. A native of Xiangshan County in Guangdong Province, he was the forerunner and leader of China’s modern democratic revolution. In January 1, 1911, he was sworn in as the provi- sional president in Nanjing and established the government of the Republic of China in 1921, assuming the office of ex- traordinary president. This house was then the home of the minister of foreign affairs Gu Weijun in the early period of the Republic of China. On December 31, 1924 Sun Yat-sen came to Beijing in illness for a discussion of state affairs and lived temporarily in the central room in front of the garden until his death on March 12, 1925.

Shen Jiaben’s Former Residences

Located at 1 Jinjing Hutong, Shangxie Street in Xuanwu District, the house was Shen Jiaben’s home in Beijing since 1900.

Shen Jiaben’s Former Residences

Shen Jiaben (1840-1913) was from Gui’an in Zhejiang Province. As a palace graduate in the reign period of Emperor Guangxu, he held the positions of vice minister of justice, chief minister of the court of judi- cial review and vice president of China’s congress, representing and presiding over the law editing work at the end of the Qing Dynasty. Zhenbi Tower is the library at his residence, with a collection of some 50,000 books.